Participatory Action Research

Participatory Water Governance: Insights from My Research and Groundwater Modeling in Karainagar

Karainagar, a small yet water-stressed island in northern Sri Lanka, faces complex challenges in water governance due to over-extraction, salinity intrusion, and climate variability. Through my research, I combined participatory water governance frameworks with advanced groundwater modeling to tackle these issues holistically. This integrated approach allowed me to analyze the hydrological realities of the island while fostering community engagement to co-create sustainable solutions.

Community Engagement: Integrating Local Knowledge with Science

Action Research Framework

A central aspect of my research was the use of an action research framework, which treated hydrology as a coupled human-water system. This approach emphasized the role of the community as active stakeholders in water governance, not merely passive beneficiaries.

Key actions included:

  • Collaborative workshops to bridge the gap between scientific insights and local knowledge.
  • Social learning initiatives that empowered the community to manage their own water resources more sustainably.






Citizen Participation

A significant part of the framework was the direct involvement of citizens in monitoring and decision-making. I worked closely with well owners and local residents to:

  • Raise Awareness: Educate the community about sustainable water use and the risks of over-extraction and salinity intrusion.
  • Participatory Data Collection: Train citizens to record water quality and quantity, creating a shared database for informed governance.
  • Community Discussions: Facilitate open forums for stakeholders to discuss challenges and co-develop solutions.

This participatory approach fostered trust and ownership, making the governance model more effective and resilient.


Governance and Future Directions: Combining Modeling with Participatory Practices

Communication-Driven Governance

My research demonstrated the importance of integrating scientific insights into community-driven governance. To facilitate this, I organized:

  • Visioning Workshops: Using groundwater model outputs, I guided discussions on shared goals for water management.
  • Mini Publics: Small, inclusive groups of stakeholders used modeling results to evaluate potential interventions, ensuring that decisions were both scientifically sound and socially equitable.

Ongoing Monitoring

The integration of community engagement with hydrological modeling also highlighted the need for continuous monitoring. This involved:

  • Tracking groundwater levels and salinity to validate model predictions and refine strategies.
  • Monitoring community water use behaviors to assess the impact of participatory governance.

 

Best Practices Identified Through My Research

Combining participatory methods with groundwater modeling helped identify and validate several best practices for sustainable water management:

  1. Avoid Over-Extraction The models showed the critical need to regulate groundwater pumping, particularly during dry months. Community-led monitoring and enforcement ensured adherence to sustainable limits.
  2. Rehabilitation of Surface Water Bodies Modeling demonstrated the recharge potential of restored water bodies. This scientific evidence was used to mobilize community efforts to rehabilitate ponds and tanks.
  3. Regulation of Tube Well Construction Using model outputs, I advocated for stricter policies on tube well construction, ensuring that wells are sited and operated based on hydrological data.
  4. Reduce Reliance on External Sources The models highlighted the potential for local solutions such as rainwater harvesting to reduce dependence on imported water. These insights were translated into actionable community initiatives.

Policy Implementation Through Integrated Governance

The success of this research lies in its integration of participatory governance with groundwater modeling. By combining scientific rigor with community involvement, I ensured that solutions were both technically robust and socially acceptable. This participatory approach enabled the community to understand and implement policies based on model predictions, creating a governance system that is adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable.

Through this combined methodology, my research provided a comprehensive understanding of the hydrological dynamics of Karainagar and established a replicable model for water governance. By aligning scientific tools with participatory action, it offers a roadmap for addressing water challenges in other vulnerable regions, ensuring long-term sustainability and resilience.